Piles, also known as Bavasir in Hindi or hemorrhoids, are swollen blood vessels around the anus or lower rectum. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (around the anus). While piles are common in both men and women, studies suggest that nearly 50% of people may develop them by age 50.
Types of Piles
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Internal Piles:
Internal hemorrhoids form inside the rectum and often go unnoticed unless they cause symptoms like painless rectal bleeding or a prolapse (where the tissue pushes out of the anus).
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External Piles:
These are more visible and form closer to the anus. They can be extremely painful, especially if a blood clot forms inside. These appear as small, round, discolored lumps that may hang outside the rectum.
What Causes Piles?
Piles are caused by increased pressure on the blood vessels around the anus. This pressure leads to swelling, inflammation, and sometimes bleeding. Common causes include:
- Obesity: Extra weight puts pressure on rectal veins.
- Constipation or Diarrhea: Straining during bowel movements irritates blood vessels.
- Pregnancy: The growing uterus presses on pelvic blood vessels, leading to piles.
- Sitting Too Long: Spending extended time on the toilet can cause strain.
- Heavy Lifting: Regularly lifting heavy objects increases rectal pressure.
- Aging: With age, the tissues supporting blood vessels weaken.
- Low-Fiber Diet: Insufficient fiber makes stools harder, causing strain.
- Hereditary Factors: A family history of piles can increase your risk.
Symptoms of Piles
- Bleeding during bowel movements (bright red blood in stool).
- Pain and swelling near the anus.
- Constant itching or irritation.
- Lumps or swelling around the anus, which may feel tender.
- Pus discharge or frequent abscesses near the anus.
- Pain or discomfort when sitting for long periods.
Managing and Treating Piles
While piles can be painful, they are treatable with lifestyle changes, medications, or advanced procedures like laser treatments.
Home Remedies and Lifestyle Tips
- High-Fiber Diet: Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to soften stools and reduce straining.
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water helps maintain smooth bowel movements.
- Avoid Straining: Don’t force bowel movements, as it worsens the swelling.
- Regular Exercise: Improves circulation and prevents constipation.
- Hygiene: Keep the anal area clean and dry to prevent irritation.
Medical Treatments
- Topical Creams: Over-the-counter ointments reduce itching and swelling.
- Minimally Invasive Procedures: Techniques like rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy treat internal piles effectively.
- Laser Surgery:
- A modern, non-invasive option that’s painless and highly effective.
- Laser surgery seals the swollen veins and redirects blood flow to healthier vessels.
- It offers minimal recovery time and long-lasting relief.
When to See a Doctor
If piles cause persistent bleeding, and severe pain, or interfere with daily activities, consult a specialist. Ignoring symptoms may lead to complications like infection or chronic issues.
Conclusion
Piles are a common yet manageable condition. By adopting a healthier lifestyle and seeking timely medical advice, you can prevent or treat hemorrhoids effectively. Advanced solutions like laser treatments make recovery faster, less painful, and more accessible. Don’t let piles disrupt your life—take charge of your health today!
